4.7 Article

Protective Role of Combined Polyphenols and Micronutrients against Influenza A Virus and SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro

Journal

BIOMEDICINES
Volume 9, Issue 11, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111721

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2; influenza virus; antivirals; polyphenols; micronutrients; COVID-19; polydatin

Funding

  1. Sirt500 Sagl
  2. Sapienza Ateneo
  3. MIUR PRIN [2017BMK8JR006, 2017KM79NN]

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Studies have shown that the A5+ mixture is more effective in inhibiting influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections, reducing viral protein expression and viral release. Additionally, A5+ treatment significantly decreases IL-6 cytokine production in influenza virus-infected cells.
Polyphenols have been widely studied for their antiviral effect against respiratory virus infections. Among these, resveratrol (RV) has been demonstrated to inhibit influenza virus replication and more recently, it has been tested together with pterostilbene against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In the present work, we evaluated the antiviral activity of polydatin, an RV precursor, and a mixture of polyphenols and other micronutrients, named A5+, against influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections. To this end, we infected Vero E6 cells and analyzed the replication of both respiratory viruses in terms of viral proteins synthesis and viral titration. We demonstrated that A5+ showed a higher efficacy in inhibiting both influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to polydatin treatment alone. Indeed, post infection treatment significantly decreased viral proteins expression and viral release, probably by interfering with any step of virus replicative cycle. Intriguingly, A5+ treatment strongly reduced IL-6 cytokine production in influenza virus-infected cells, suggesting its potential anti-inflammatory properties during the infection. Overall, these results demonstrate the synergic and innovative antiviral efficacy of A5+ mixture, although further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying its inhibitory effect.

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