4.6 Review

Nanochannels for low-grade energy harvesting

Journal

CURRENT OPINION IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Volume 33, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2022.100956

Keywords

Nanochannel; Low-grade energy; Charge separation; Energy harvesting

Funding

  1. National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFA0700500]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [22074061, 21775066, 21974058]
  3. Excellent Research Program of Nanjing University [ZYJH004]

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This review highlights the importance and potential of nanochannel-based energy harvesting technology in alleviating the energy crisis. The selectivity, permeability, and differences between single-pore and multi-pore systems are discussed. Three energy harvesting modes are introduced, and the challenges are briefly summarized.
The exploit of low-grade energies, such as osmotic energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy, is of great importance to alleviate the energy crisis. However, current energy harvesting technologies are generally plagued by their low efficiencies. Nanofluidic technology that based on the regulation of ion transport at the nanoscale has shown great potential in energy fields. In this review, we focus on the nanochannel-based energy harvesting, including the selectivity and permeability of the nanochannel, the theoretical output energy, and the difference between single- and multi-pore systems. Three typical energy harvesting modes are then introduced. Finally, the challenges are briefly summarized and an outlook of the nanochannel-based energy harvesting technology is provided.

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