Journal
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 3358-3382Publisher
KEAI PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.008
Keywords
Polysaccharides; Drug delivery systems; Nanomedicines; Cancer immunotherapy; Anticancer efficacy
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51873120, 51673127, 81621003]
- National Science and Technology Major Project of China [2017ZX09304023]
- Fundac ao para a CIencia e a Tecnologia (CQM, Portuguese Government Funds) [UIDB/00674/2020]
- ARDITI-Agencia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigacao Tecnologia e Inovacao through Centro de Quimica da Madeira-CQM+ (Madeira 14-20 Program) [M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000005]
- [ARDITI-2017-ISG-003]
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Polysaccharide-based nanoparticles can be used to enhance antitumor immune responses with reduced toxicity and side effects by carrying immunotherapeutics.
Cancer immunotherapy is an effective antitumor approach through activating immune systems to eradicate tumors by immunotherapeutics. However, direct administration of naked immunotherapeutic agents (such as nucleic acids, cytokines, adjuvants or antigens without delivery vehicles) often results in: (1) an unsatisfactory efficacy due to suboptimal pharmacokinetics; (2) strong toxic and side effects due to low targeting (or off-target) efficiency. To overcome these shortcomings, a series of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles have been developed to carry immunotherapeutics to enhance antitumor immune responses with reduced toxicity and side effects. Polysaccharides are a family of natural polymers that hold unique physicochemical and biological properties, as they could interact with immune system to stimulate an enhanced immune response. Their structures offer versatility in synthesizing multifunctional nanocomposites, which could be chemically modified to achieve high stability and bioavailability for delivering therapeutics into tumor tissues. This review aims to highlight recent advances in polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy and propose new perspectives on the use of polysaccharide-based immunotherapeutics.
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