Journal
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
Volume 68, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102974
Keywords
Eye tracking; Gaze avoidance; Psychopathology; Schizophrenia
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This study investigated the correlation between gaze avoidance and psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia through eye movement measurements in real-life interpersonal situations. The results showed that psychopathology, particularly positive symptoms, was associated with gaze avoidance and pupil diameter in these patients.
Objective: To investigate the correlation between gaze avoidance and psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia through eye movement measurements in real-life interpersonal situations. Methods: We enrolled 52 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia. Psychopathology was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. After presenting a visual stimulus, eye movements were measured with Tobii Pro Wearable Glasses 2, and deep learning-based emotional recognition using the residual masking network was used for neutral stimulus verification. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson's correlation and regression analyses. Results: Data of 45 participants with verified stimulus neutrality by deep learning image recognition were used for analysis. The first dwelling time was negatively correlated with the PANSS positive syndrome subscale (p = 0.028), general psychopathology subscale (p = 0.008), total score (p = 0.008), 5-factor positive symptoms (p = 0.035), and 5-factor depression/anxiety symptoms (p = 0.043). The baseline-area of interest (AOI) pupil diameter change was positively correlated with PANSS 5-factor positive symptom scores (p = 0.039). After adjusting for additional variables, the same items had a significant effect on the first dwelling time and baselineAOI pupil diameter change. Conclusions: Psychopathology, particularly positive symptoms, was associated with gaze avoidance and pupil diameter in patients with schizophrenia. Evaluating the characteristics of eye movements in patients with schizophrenia will enable better understanding of their symptoms.
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