Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Acute Respiratory Failure, Ventilator Dependence, and Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Genetics plays a limited role in predicting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment response and exacerbation

Louise Hosking et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated that common genetic variants do not play major roles in AECOPD disease nor predict response to triple therapy or its components in moderate to very severe COPD patients.

RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Allergy

Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning in Respiratory Medicine and Potential Role in Asthma and COPD Diagnosis

Alan Kaplan et al.

Summary: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are increasingly being used in medicine, particularly in respiratory medicine for tasks such as evaluating lung cancer images and diagnosing fibrotic lung disease. AI algorithms require large volumes of well-structured data and must be able to work with variable levels of data quality. AI is expected to play a key role in aiding clinicians in the diagnosis and management of respiratory diseases in the future.

JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Acute Exacerbation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prediction System Using Wearable Device Data, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning: Development and Cohort Study

Chia-Tung Wu et al.

Summary: This study developed a prediction system using wearable devices, home air quality-sensing devices, and smartphone apps to accurately predict the occurrence of acute exacerbations of COPD in the upcoming 7 days. By continuously monitoring lifestyle and indoor environment factors, the system achieved high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in predicting AECOPD, providing an effective way for early management and reducing mortality.

JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The Importance of Appropriate Diagnosis in the Practical Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Naozumi Hashimoto et al.

Summary: Proper diagnosis and early treatment of COPD are crucial, as many patients are underdiagnosed. The clinical impact of systemic comorbidities in COPD is increasingly recognized, and pharmacotherapeutic approaches to COPD continue to advance.

DIAGNOSTICS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Forecast the Exacerbation in Patients of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Clinical Indicators Using Machine Learning Techniques

Ali Hussain et al.

Summary: A voting ensemble classifier using 24 features was proposed to identify the severity of COPD patients using machine-learning techniques. The classifier outperformed regular machine-learning methods, helping respiratory physicians estimate disease severity early and guide treatment strategies for COPD patients.

DIAGNOSTICS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Shared decision-making in the ICU from the perspective of physicians, nurses and patients: a qualitative interview study

Nina Wubben et al.

Summary: Through interviews with ICU physicians, nurses, former ICU patients, and their family members, it was found that ICU physicians encounter struggles including uncertainty about long-term health outcomes, time constraints, pressure due to final responsibility, and fear of losing control; former patients and family members mainly expressed aspects they missed, such as not being included in ICU treatment decisions and a lack of information about long-term outcomes and recovery; ICU nurses mainly reported opportunities to strengthen their role in incorporating non-medical information in the ICU decision-making process and as a liaison between physicians and patients and family.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

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Article Respiratory System

Characterization Associated with the Frequent Severe Exacerbator Phenotype in COPD Patients

Yao-Kuang Wu et al.

Summary: This study found that factors such as a higher eosinophil count, a history of frequent severe acute exacerbations, lower FEV1 value, and use of a triple combination inhaler were significantly associated with frequent exacerbations in COPD patients. Older age, higher eosinophil count, and lower FEV1 value were significantly correlated with an increased risk of hospital readmission. Patients with a history of frequent severe acute exacerbations had a higher readmission rate and risk.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (2021)

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Article Medical Informatics

Machine Learning Methods for the Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Healthy Subjects: Retrospective Observational Cohort Study

Shigeo Muro et al.

Summary: This study aimed to predict risk factors for COPD diagnosis using machine learning, identifying parameters other than smoking exposure or lung function as predictors. By analyzing annual medical check-up records of nearly 25,000 Japanese employees, the top 10 predictors for COPD diagnosis were determined through XGBoost and logistic regression models.

JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

COPD Guidelines in the Asia-Pacific Regions: Similarities and Differences

Shih-Lung Cheng et al.

Summary: COPD is a preventable and treatable disease with significant morbidity and mortality. The survey conducted across APSR country-level members collected updated local COPD guidelines, showing both similarities and differences.

DIAGNOSTICS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Prediction of exacerbation frequency of AECOPD based on next-generation sequencing and its relationship with imbalance of lung and gut microbiota: a protocol of a prospective cohort study

Li Deng et al.

Summary: This study aims to explore the microbial characteristics of the intestinal tract and airways of COPD patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology and analyze the correlation with inflammatory factors, immune factors, and nutritional factors.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Chronic Airway Diseases: Focus on Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Yinhe Feng et al.

Summary: Chronic airway diseases, including asthma and COPD, are prevalent in developing countries. Despite extensive guidelines for prevention and treatment, their value in precision medicine is limited. AI and ML techniques have been used to mine medical data for clinical practice, but their impact in asthma and COPD is still relatively low.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health