Journal
PLANTS-BASEL
Volume 10, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/plants10122821
Keywords
compatible solute; freeze-thaw injury; osmolyte; reactive oxygen species; antioxidant capacity; lipid peroxidation
Categories
Funding
- Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through the Measurement and Risk Assessment Program for Management of Microplastics Project - Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) [RE202101439]
- Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development from the Rural Development Administration of the Republic of Korea [PJ01429702]
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Exogenous application of glycine betaine (GB) was found to enhance freezing tolerance of cabbage leaves by promoting growth, reducing electrolyte leakage, and alleviating oxidative stress. This improvement may be associated with accumulation of proline and glutathione, as well as increased activity of antioxidant enzymes.
Exogenous glycine betaine (GB) application has been reported to improve plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses, but its effect on freezing tolerance has not been well studied. We investigated the effect of exogenous GB on freezing tolerance of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) leaves. Seedlings fed with 30 mM GB via sub-irrigation showed effectively assimilated GB as evident by higher GB concentration. Exogenous GB did not retard leaf-growth (fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area) rather slightly promoted it. Temperature controlled freeze-thaw tests proved GB-fed plants were more freeze-tolerant as indicated by lower electrolyte leakage (i.e., indication of less membrane damage) and alleviating oxidative stress (less accumulation of O-2(center dot-) and H2O2, as well as of malondialdehyde (MDA)) following a relatively moderate or severe freeze-thaw stress, i.e., -2.5 and -3.5 degrees C. Improved freezing tolerance induced by exogenous GB application may be associated with accumulation of compatible solute (proline) and antioxidant (glutathione). GB-fed leaves also had higher activity of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These changes, together, may improve freezing tolerance through membrane protection from freeze-desiccation and alleviation of freeze-induced oxidative stress.
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