Journal
PATHOGENS
Volume 10, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101291
Keywords
avian influenza; virus-like particle; neuraminidase; protection
Categories
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [2018R1A6A1A03025124]
- Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea [HV20C0085, HV20C0142]
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HANA VLPs immunization induced strong antibody responses and significant immune cell increases post-challenge-infection, suggesting a critical role of NA in VLPs for protection.
Neuraminidase is an important target for influenza vaccination. In this study, we generated avian influenza VLPs, expressing hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), HA and NA co-expressed (HANA), to evaluate the protective role of NA against a high (10LD(50)) and low (2LD(50)) dose of avian influenza virus challenge infections. A single immunization with HANA VLPs elicited the highest level of virus-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a responses from the sera post-vaccination and the lungs post-challenge-infection. Potent antibody-secreting cell responses were observed from the spleens and lungs of HANA-VLP-immunized mice post-challenge-infection. HANA VLPs induced the highest CD4(+) T cell, CD8(+) T cell, and germinal center B cells, while strongly limiting inflammatory cytokine production in the lungs compared to other VLP immunization groups. In correlation with these findings, the lowest bodyweight losses and lung virus titers were observed from HANA VLP immunization, and all of the immunized mice survived irrespective of the challenge dose. Contrastingly, VLPs expressing either HA or NA alone failed to elicit complete protection. These results indicated that NA in VLPs played a critical role in inducing protection against a high dose of the challenge infection.
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