Journal
PATHOGENS
Volume 10, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101346
Keywords
Theileria orientalis; Ikeda; New Zealand; Theileria associated bovine anaemia; bovine
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The epidemiological research in New Zealand on bovine anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis Ikeda type infection provides an unbiased perspective of a new disease, as there are no other pathogenic tick-borne cattle haemoparasites in the country. The seasonal nature of New Zealand's beef and dairy cattle systems has led to a different epidemiological presentation compared to other affected countries.
This article sets out to document and summarise the New Zealand epidemic and the epidemiological research conducted on the epizootic of bovine anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis Ikeda type infection, which began in New Zealand in August 2012. As New Zealand has no other pathogenic tick-borne cattle haemoparasites, the effects of the T. orientalis Ikeda type infection observed in affected herds and individual animals were not confounded by other concurrent haemoparasite infections, as was possibly the case in other countries. This has resulted in an unbiased perspective of a new disease. In addition, as both New Zealand's beef and dairy cattle systems are seasonally based, this has led to a different epidemiological presentation than that reported by almost all other affected countries. Having verified the establishment of a new disease and identified the associated pathogen, the remaining key requirements of an epidemiological investigation, for a disease affecting production animals, are to describe how the disease spreads, describe the likely impacts of that disease at the individual and herd level and explore methods of disease control or mitigation.
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