Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 337-360Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15435075.2016.1255633
Keywords
Energy cost; environmental impact; membranes; osmotic power; pressure-retarded osmosis
Funding
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Spain) [DPI2014-54530-R]
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Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) is a method for converting salinity gradients to power by allowing water to flow through a semi-permeable membrane against an applied hydraulic pressure. PRO already has a long history, starting from the middle of the last century, and has rapidly improved in recent years. In this paper, we present a historical development of PRO since its inception: the development of this renewable energy process has gone through several stages, depending on technological developments, worldwide energy demands, and environmental concerns. The technological progress of the process is also studied, as well as its cost viability and environmental impact. Finally, some ideas to further develop the PRO process and mitigate its detrimental effects are discussed.
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