Journal
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 530-540Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.10.002
Keywords
Ultrasound -controlled fluorescence imaging; Temperature -sensitive NIR probes; High -resolution; Deep tissue; Molecular diagnosis
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81703466]
- Outstanding Tal- ents Research Start-up Fund of Xuzhou Medical University, China [RC20552107]
- Xuzhou Science and Technology Bureau, China [KC21292]
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This review highlights recent advances (2015-2020) in the design and synthesis of contrast agents and the improvement of imaging systems to achieve high-resolution ultrasound-controlled fluorescence (UCF) imaging of deep tissues. The imaging performances of various UCF systems are discussed, and the challenges and prospects are highlighted.
Fluorescence imaging is a noninvasive and dynamic real-time imaging technique; however, it exhibits poor spatial resolution in centimeter-deep tissues because biological tissues are highly scattering media for optical radiation. The recently developed ultrasound-controlled fluorescence (UCF) imaging is a novel imaging technique that can overcome this bottleneck. Previous studies suggest that the effective contrast agent and sensitive imaging system are the two pivotal factors for generating high-resolution UCF images ex vivo and/or in vivo. Here, this review highlights the recent advances (2015-2020) in the design and synthesis of contrast agents and the improvement of imaging systems to realize high-resolution UCF imaging of deep tissues. The imaging performances of various UCF systems, including the signal-to-noise ratio, imaging resolution, and imaging depth, are specifically discussed. In addition, the challenges and prospects are highlighted. With continuously increasing research interest in this field and emerging multidisciplinary applications, UCF imaging with higher spatial resolution and larger imaging depth may be developed shortly, which is expected to have a far-reaching impact on disease surveillance and/or therapy.(c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Xi'an Jiaotong University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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