Journal
ANTIOXIDANTS
Volume 10, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121894
Keywords
ascorbic acid; vitamin C; cancer; clinical trial
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Vitamin C plays a significant role in cancer prevention and treatment, with studies showing its potential benefits in preventing pulmonary and breast cancer, as well as its synergistic effects with pancreatic cancer drugs. However, a Mendelian randomized study did not find an association between vitamin C and cancer prevention. Ongoing research is needed to further explore the therapeutic role of vitamin C in cancer through new phase II and III clinical trials.
Vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant associated with the prevention of the common cold and is also a cofactor of hydrolases that participate in the synthesis of collagen and catecholamines, and in the regulation of gene expression. In cancer, vitamin C is associated with prevention, progression, and treatment, due to its general properties or its role as a pro-oxidant at high concentration. This review explores the role of vitamin C in cancer clinical trials and the aspects to consider in future studies, such as plasmatic vitamin C and metabolite excretion recording, and metabolism and transport of vitamin C into cancer cells. The reviewed studies show that vitamin C intake from natural sources can prevent the development of pulmonary and breast cancer, and that vitamin C synergizes with gemcitabine and erlotinib in pancreatic cancer. In vitro assays reveal that vitamin C synergizes with DNA-methyl transferase inhibitors. However, vitamin C was not associated with cancer prevention in a Mendelian randomized study. In conclusion, the role of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of cancer is still an ongoing area of research. It is necessary that new phase II and III clinical trials be performed to collect stronger evidence of the therapeutic role of vitamin C in cancer.
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