Advances in cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway and Diseases

Pathogens can produce conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) after invading the body, which can be specifically recognized by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). In recent years, it has been found that cytoplasmic DNA receptors recognize exogenous DNA inducing activation of interferon 1 (IFN1), which is a rapid advance in various research areas. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway is a critical natural immune pathway in cells. Early studies revealed that it plays a crucial regulatory role in pathogen infection and tumor, and it is associated with various human autoimmune diseases. Recently studies have found that activation of cGAS-STING signaling pathway is related to different organ injuries. The present review elaborates on the regulation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and its role in various diseases, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for immunotherapy targeting this pathway.

Automated summary

Pathogens can produce conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are recognized by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Recent studies have shown that cytoplasmic DNA receptors can specifically recognize exogenous DNA and activate interferon 1 (IFN1), which is a significant advancement in various research fields. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is a critical natural immune pathway in cells and plays a crucial role in pathogen infection, tumors, and various autoimmune diseases in humans.