Ultrasonic supported oil extraction, process modeling, and optimization by response surface methodology tool from Croton Macrostachyus leaf

The present study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to extract Croton macrostachyus leaf oil, which enhances the rate of reaction and temperature in a shorter length of time while also ensuring the highest oil recovery. Through response surface methodology (RSM), the influence of sonication temperature (35-45 degrees C), sonication time (25-35 min), ultrasound power (250-550 W), and percentage of solid-to-solvent ratio (10-20%) on the oil yield was investigated. The optimal conditions of Croton macrostachyus leaf oil were found to be 42 degrees C of temperature, 30.61 min of sonication time, 425.79 W of ultrasound power, and 18% (w/v) of solid to solvent. Under these circumstances, the optimum extraction efficiency of oil was found as 38.63% with a desirability value of 1.00. In general, these findings suggest that Croton macrostachyus leaf can be explored as a promising alternative source of oil and new biodiesel feedstock.

Automated summary

In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to extract Croton macrostachyus leaf oil. The influence of different factors on the oil yield was investigated, and the optimal conditions for extraction were determined. The findings suggest that Croton macrostachyus leaf oil can be a promising alternative source of oil and biodiesel feedstock.