Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES
Volume 20, Issue 9, Pages 2147-2156Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1233428
Keywords
Triacylglycerol composition; Lard; Butter; NMR spectroscopy; Halal authentication
Categories
Funding
- Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
- RUGS grant [9316900]
- Research Management Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia [QJ130000.21A2.02E45]
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Food authentication is an interesting issue for all parties in the food industry, including the fats and oils industry. Some unethical players try to blend high-quality foods, such as butter, with lower ones like lard, therefore, the analytical methods capable of analyzing the adulteration practices must be developed. This study used proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography for the authentication of butter from lard adulteration. The identification of triacylglycerol composition of lard as a chemical marker for halal authentication is analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The suitability of proton nuclear magnetic resonance provides a high-performance approach for determination butter adulterated with lard in their entirety of all proton bearing components. Peaks in the region of 2.60-2.84 ppm show special characteristics only present in lard. Only lard has its own unique characteristics which only polyunsaturated fatty acids would give signals 7 at 2.63, that corresponded to the chemical shift of the double-allylic methylene protons. In the same way, the intensity of signal at 2.63 ppm, due to methylenic protons in a position to two double bonds, that is to say, due to the linoleic group. Furthermore, we also correlate some signals between H-1 and C-13-NMR spectra for the confirmation of signals.
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