Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE
Volume 16, Issue -, Pages 285-288Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.11.004
Keywords
Cyclophyllidean taeniid tapeworms; Echinococcosis; Metacestodes; Unilocular cysts
Categories
Funding
- Department of Natural Resources and Renewables-Wildlife Division
- NSERC, Canada
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Echinococcus spp. tapeworms can cause serious diseases in mammals, with canids as their definitive hosts. E. canadensis was identified in coyotes in Nova Scotia and in moose in Cape Breton Island, indicating the need for further wildlife surveillance and risk assessment.
Echinococcus spp. tapeworms can cause serious diseases in mammals, including humans. Within the E. granulosus species complex, metacestodes produce unilocular cysts that are responsible for cystic echinococcosis in animal intermediate hosts. Canids are definitive hosts, harbouring adult cestodes in their intestines. Adult E. canadensis were recovered from the small intestine of 1 of 262 coyotes (Canis latrans) from Nova Scotia, Canada. Subse-quently, we found unilocular cysts in lungs and livers of 4 of 8 sympatric moose (Alces alces) from Cape Breton Island. DNA was extracted from three cysts using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue kit and assayed by po-lymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers (cest4 and cest5) for a 117-bp region of the small subunit of ribo-somal RNA of E. granulosus sensu lato, and further validated as E. canadensis G8 using primers targeting nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) mitochondrial genes. These are the first records of E. canadensis in any of the three Maritime provinces, which include Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. The parasite was thought to be absent in this region due to extirpation of wolves (Canis spp.) in the 1800s. These findings suggest that further wildlife sur-veillance and risk assessment is warranted.
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