Journal
PROCESSES
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pr10010109
Keywords
partial-denitrification; anammox (PD; A); anoxic; oxic (A; O) biofilm reactor; nitrite accumulation; domestic wastewater; nitrogen removal
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [22006003]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [8204056]
- scientific research program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education [KM202010005011]
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This study developed a promising method for mainstream nitrogen removal from carbon-limited domestic wastewater, achieving efficient nitrogen removal and high total nitrogen removal rate.
A partial-denitrification coupling with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process (PD/A) in a continuous-flow anoxic/oxic (A/O) biofilm reactor was developed to treat carbon-limited domestic wastewater (ammonia (NH4+-N) of 55 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 148 mg/L in average) for about 200 days operation. Satisfactory NH4+-N oxidation efficiency above 95% was achieved with rapid biofilm formation in the aerobic zone. Notably, nitrite (NO2--N) accumulation was observed in the anoxic zone, mainly due to the insufficient electron donor for complete nitrate (NO3--N) reduction. The nitrate-to-nitrite transformation ratio (NTR) achieved was as high as 64.4%. After the inoculation of anammox-enriched sludge to anoxic zones, total nitrogen (TN) removal was significantly improved from 37.3% to 78.0%. Anammox bacteria were effectively retained in anoxic biofilm utilizing NO2--N produced via the PD approach and NH4+-N in domestic wastewater, with the relative abundance of 5.83% for stable operation. Anammox pathway contributed to TN removal by a high level of 38%. Overall, this study provided a promising method for mainstream nitrogen removal with low energy consumption and organic carbon demand.
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