Journal
FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/fes3.327
Keywords
crop improvement; health; nutrient composition; plant breeding; plant-based food; protein content
Categories
Funding
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [817690]
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [817690] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/G003157/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Enhancing the nutritional quality of crops through increasing protein content, improving protein functionality, and optimizing the content of vitamins and minerals, while reducing antinutrients and toxins, could help address 'hidden hunger' caused by micronutrient deficiencies and support a shift towards healthier and more sustainable plant-based diets.
A growing world population as well as the need to enhance sustainability and health create challenges for crop breeding. To address these challenges, not only quantitative but also qualitative improvements are needed, especially regarding the macro- and micronutrient composition and content. In this review, we describe different examples of how the nutritional quality of crops and the bioavailability of individual nutrients can be optimised. We focus on increasing protein content, the use of alternative protein crops and improving protein functionality. Furthermore, approaches to enhance the content of vitamins and minerals as well as healthy specialised metabolites and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are considered. In addition, methods to reduce antinutrients and toxins are presented. These approaches could help to decrease the 'hidden hunger' caused by micronutrient deficiencies. Furthermore, a more diverse crop range with improved nutritional profile could help to shift to healthier and more sustainable plant-based diets.
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