4.6 Article

Production of meat alternatives using live cells, cultures and plant proteins

Journal

CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE
Volume 43, Issue -, Pages 1-10

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.11.002

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20202002]
  2. Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [32021005]
  3. National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars [21822806]
  4. Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project (National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology) [TSBICIP-KJGG-004]

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Traditional meat production faces challenges such as high resource consumption, animal antibiotic residues, and zoonotic diseases. Meat-based diets not only have high carbon footprints, but can also lead to nutritional imbalances. Progress has been made in the development of meat alternatives, with important areas for future research including technological challenges and regulatory acceptance.
Meat production has long suffered from practical problems, such as high resource consumption, pollution, animal antibiotic residues and zoonotic diseases. The meat-based diet has also been criticized for not only inefficient production processes and a high carbon footprint, but also potential nutritional unbalance. In addition to challenges from population growth, animal disease epidemics and trade wars, the safety and sustainability of traditional meat production is encountering unprecedented challenges. Considerable progress has been made towards the development and production of meat alternatives, including cultured meat, plant-based meat alternatives, microbial protein, edible fungi, microalgae, and insect protein. In this review, we summarize the development status of various meat alternatives, discuss the associated technological challenges, and highlight important areas for future research. The current status of legislation, standard setting, and regulatory acceptance of meat alternatives are also discussed.

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