Journal
PHARMACEUTICS
Volume 13, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111755
Keywords
gastrointestinal tract; lymph node; gut-associated lymphoid tissues; immunotherapy; vaccine; lectins; microfold (M) cells
Categories
Funding
- NSF CAREER Award [2047017]
- NIGMS Maximizing Investigator Research Award [1R35GM142835-01]
- NIH T32 [5T32GM080201]
- MPower Maryland
- UMD Clark Fellowship
- AHA Predoctoral Fellowship
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [2047017] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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This article discusses strategies using nanomaterials to locally target the GI tract and its mucosal immune system to regulate inflammation and disease outcomes.
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one the biggest mucosal surface in the body and one of the primary targets for the delivery of therapeutics, including immunotherapies. GI diseases, including, e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal infections such as cholera, pose a significant public health burden and are on the rise. Many of these diseases involve inflammatory processes that can be targeted by immune modulatory therapeutics. However, nonspecific targeting of inflammation systemically can lead to significant side effects. This can be avoided by locally targeting therapeutics to the GI tract and its mucosal immune system. In this review, we discuss nanomaterial-based strategies targeting the GI mucosal immune system, including gut-associated lymphoid tissues, tissue resident immune cells, as well as GI lymph nodes, to modulate GI inflammation and disease outcomes, as well as take advantage of some of the primary mechanisms of GI immunity such as oral tolerance.
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