Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Volume 10, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245721
Keywords
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; obesity; bariatric surgery; laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
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The prevalence of NAFLD and NASH has increased significantly in recent years, with obesity being a common risk factor. Weight loss is the only proven method to improve NAFLD, and bariatric surgery is considered an effective treatment option for reducing steatosis and hepatic inflammation. Further long-term studies are needed to determine the role of bariatric surgery in treating NAFLD and NASH.
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has considerably increased over the last years. NAFLD is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the developing world. The diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH is often incidental, as the early-stage of disease is frequently free of symptoms. Most patients recognized with NAFLD have severe obesity and other obesity-related disease such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin-resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The only proven method for NAFLD improvement and resolution is weight loss. Bariatric surgery leads to significant and long-term weight loss as well as improvement of coexisting diseases. There is a lot of evidence suggesting that metabolic/bariatric surgery is an effective method of NAFLD treatment that leads to reduction in steatosis, hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. However, there is still a need to perform long-term studies in order to determine the role of bariatric surgery as a treatment option for NAFLD and NASH. This review discusses current evidence about epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment options for NAFLD including bariatric/metabolic surgery and its effect on improvement and resolution of NAFLD.
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