Journal
ACS SENSORS
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 253-262Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02232
Keywords
single-molecule array; graphene fi eld-e ff ect transistor; biosensor; glial fi brillary acidic protein
Funding
- UK's Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P02985X/1]
- Alzheimer's Research UK Clinical Research Fellowship [ARUKCRF2017A-1]
- UK Dementia Research Institute (DRI) Care Research and Technology Centre
- NIHR [NIHR-RP-011-048]
- NIHR Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
- Medical Research Council
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies, Imperial College
- Swedish Research Council [2018-02532]
- European Research Council [681712]
- Swedish State Support for Clinical Research [ALFGBG-720931]
- Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA [201809-2016862]
- AD Strategic Fund
- Alzheimer's Association [ADSF21-831376-C, ADSF-21-831381-C, ADSF-21-831377-C]
- Olav Thon Foundation
- Erling-Persson Family Foundation
- Stiftelsen for Gamla Tjanarinnor
- Hjarnfonden, Sweden [FO2019-0228]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant [860197]
- DRI at UCL
- EPSRC [EP/P02985X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [UKDRI-1003] Funding Source: UKRI
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The study presents an innovative GFET biosensing method for sensitive and rapid detection of GFAP in patient plasma, holding great promise for diagnostic applications.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a discriminative blood biomarker for many neurological diseases, such as traumatic brain injury. Detection of GFAP in buffer solutions using biosensors has been demonstrated, but accurate quantification of GFAP in patient samples has not been reported, yet in urgent need. Herein, we demonstrate a robust on-chip graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensing method for sensitive and ultrafast detection of GFAP in patient plasma. Patients with moderate- severe traumatic brain injuries, defined by the Mayo classification, are recruited to provide plasma samples. The binding of target GFAP with the specific antibodies that are conjugated on a monolayer GFET device triggers the shift of its Dirac point, and this signal change is correlated with the GFAP concentration in the patient plasma. The limit of detection (LOD) values of 20 fg/mL (400 aM) in buffer solution and 231 fg/mL (4 fM) in patient plasma have been achieved using this approach. In parallel, for the first time, we compare our results to the state-of-the-art single-molecule array (Simoa) technology and the classic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for reference. The GFET biosensor shows competitive LOD to Simoa (1.18 pg/mL) and faster sample-to-result time (<15 min), and also it is cheaper and more user-friendly. In comparison to ELISA, GFET offers advantages of total detection time, detection sensitivity, and simplicity. This GFET biosensing platform holds high promise for the point-of-care diagnosis and monitoring of traumatic brain injury in GP surgeries and patient homes.
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