On the pitting corrosion of 2205 duplex stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing in the as-built and post-processed conditions

The effects of additive manufacturing (AM) and post-AM heat treatment on microstructural characteristics and pitting corrosion of 2205 duplex stainless steel were studied and benchmarked against its conventionally hot-rolled counterpart. The rapid solidification and possible loss of N associated with AM resulted in a non-equilibrium microstructure dominated by delta-ferrite with a minor fraction of austenite and abundant Cr2N precipitation. Atom probe tomography revealed that no depletion of Cr occurs around intragranular Cr2N. A deduction in Cr was observed adjacent to intergranular Cr2N particles, however, Cr content in these regions remained above the critical value of 13 wt%. Post-AM heat treatment was effective in restoring the duplex microstructure while dissolving the Cr2N precipitates. Although the pitting resistance in the as-built AM specimen was lower than that of its hot-rolled counterpart, it was fully recovered after post-AM heat treatment. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Automated summary

The study investigated the effects of additive manufacturing and post-AM heat treatment on 2205 duplex stainless steel, revealing that post-AM heat treatment was effective in restoring the duplex microstructure and enhancing pitting resistance. The non-equilibrium microstructure dominated by delta-ferrite with Cr2N precipitation was observed in the AM specimens, which was fully recovered after post-AM heat treatment.