Tuning interlaminar fracture toughness of fine z-pin reinforced polymer composite

This paper aims to improve the interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites by implanting fine z-pins with the minimum damage on in-plane fibers. Z-pins with diameters as small as 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm were prepared by using carbon fiber tows with different mechanical properties. The effect of the mechanical property of carbon fiber pin on the interlaminar fracture toughness of composite laminate was investigated to reveal the enhancement mechanism. The results show that fine z-pins significantly improve the interlaminar fracture toughness and simultaneously are favorable for maintaining high retentions of in-plane mechanical properties of composite laminate. Compared with control sample, the propagation GIC values of CFRPs implanted with 0.2 mm and 0.1 mm CCF800 zpins increase by 276 % and 541 % respectively at a low pin volume fraction of 0.16 vol%. Both z-pin pullout and z-pin fracture failure behaviors can be observed for these fine z-pin reinforced composites. The higher tensile properties of z-pins and better transverse shear resistance tend to result in the failure of zpin pull-out. With the decrease of z-pin diameter, the probability of z-pin fracture failure becomes greater, and correspondingly stronger pinning effect and larger failure load are achieved. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

By implanting fine z-pins on the in-plane fibers, the interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites can be significantly improved, while maintaining high retentions of in-plane mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the carbon fiber pins play a crucial role in enhancing the composite laminate.