Journal
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 110-117Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01193
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Funding
- U.S. NIH [P01CA069246, R01CA229777, R21DA049577, R01CA204019, U01CA233360, R01CA239078, R01CA237500, U01CA230697]
- MGH Scholar Fund
- Swiss National Science Foundation [P400PM_180788/1]
- [US DODW81XWH1910199]
- [DOD-W81XWH1910194]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [P400PM_180788] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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The article introduces a new method that detects protein markers in extracellular vesicles through impedance spectroscopy, without the need for additional labeling, streamlining the entire detection process. The method is characterized by fast immobilization of antibodies, high sensitivity, and parallel detection, and has shown potential clinical utility.
Detecting protein markers in extracellular vesicles (EVs) is becoming a useful tool for basic research and clinical diagnoses. Most EV protein assays, however, require lengthy processes-conjugating affinity ligands onto sensing substrates and affixing EVs with additional labels to maximize signal generation. Here, we present an iPEX (impedance profiling of extracellular vesicles) system, an all-electrical strategy toward fast, multiplexed rapidly functionalize sensor electrodes with antibodies; it then detects EV proteins in a label-free manner through impedance spectroscopy. The approach streamlines the entire EV assay, from sensor preparation to signal measurements. We achieved (i) fast immobilization of antibodies (<3 min) per electrode; (ii) high sensitivity (500 EVs/mL) without secondary labeling; and (iii) parallel detection (quadruple) in a single chip. A potential clinical utility was demonstrated by directly analyzing plasma samples from glioblastoma multiforme patients.
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