Case Report: Cytomegalovirus Reactivation and Pericarditis Following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2

Letter Rheumatology

Correspondence on 'Interleukin-6 receptor blockade with subcutaneous tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia and hyperinflammation: case-control study'

Martin Sebastian Winkler et al.

ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES (2023)

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Article

Myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination

Elisabeth Albert et al.

Radiology Case Reports (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

EBV DNA increase in COVID-19 patients with impaired lymphocyte subpopulation count

Stefania Paolucci et al.

Summary: This study monitored the immunologic profile and opportunistic viral DNA increase in Italian patients with COVID-19 to identify markers of disease severity. It found a correlation between reduced CD8(+) T cells and NK counts, elevated EBV DNA levels, and COVID-19 severity, highlighting the importance of further evaluating the relationship between EBV load and disease severity in longitudinal studies.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Immunology

Latent Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Patients With Liver Failure: A 10-Year Retrospective Case-Control Study, 2011-2020

Qingluan Yang et al.

Summary: Findings from a 10-year retrospective case-control study suggest that high intravenous glucocorticoid doses may be the most important risk factor for CMV reactivation in liver failure patients. Furthermore, CMV reactivation may triple mortality in these patients.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

An Updated Review of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines and the Importance of Effective Vaccination Programs in Pandemic Times

Cielo Garcia-Montero et al.

Summary: Developing vaccines has become a global priority to achieve herd immunity; successful vaccination programs require effective strategies and policies; the importance of vaccination becomes even more crucial in the face of public hesitancy, conspiracy theories, and misinformation.

VACCINES (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Myocarditis With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines

Biykem Bozkurt et al.

Summary: Myocarditis is a rare complication of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, predominantly affecting young adult and adolescent males, with most patients showing improvement in symptoms. Possible mechanisms include molecular mimicry between viral proteins and self-antigens, dysregulated immune pathways, immune response to mRNA, and dysregulated cytokine expression.

CIRCULATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Acute perimyocarditis following first dose of mRNA vaccine against COVID-19

Dirk Vollmann et al.

Deutsches Arzteblatt International (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Myocarditis and Pericarditis After Vaccination for COVID-19

George A. Diaz et al.

Summary: This study compares the incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis in emergency department or inpatient hospital encounters before and during the period of COVID-19 vaccination availability in a large US health care system.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host

Paul Griffiths et al.

Summary: HCMV infection is usually controlled by a vigorous immune response, but can cause serious organ diseases when the immune system is compromised. Significant progress has been made in understanding HCMV infection and disease, including defining the dynamics of viral replication and evaluating new antiviral drugs and vaccines.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Pediatrics

Myocarditis After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: True, True, and ... Related?

Sean T. O'Leary et al.

PEDIATRICS (2021)

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Article Pediatrics

Symptomatic Acute Myocarditis in 7 Adolescents After Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccination

Mayme Marshall et al.

Summary: This report presents 7 cases of acute myocarditis or myopericarditis in healthy male adolescents following the second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination, with patients rapidly recovering their symptoms through treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, intravenous immunoglobulin, and corticosteroids. The potential association between vaccine administration and myocarditis requires further monitoring and investigation.

PEDIATRICS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Myocarditis following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination

Saif Abu Mouch et al.

Summary: This study reported six cases of myocarditis occurring shortly after BNT162b2 vaccination, all in young males with mild clinical course. All patients responded to the vaccine, and myocarditis post-BNT162b2 vaccination may be considered an adverse reaction.

VACCINE (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): An Overview of Biological Factors That May Contribute to Persistent Symptoms

Amy D. Proal et al.

Summary: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has led to a pandemic of COVID-19, with some patients developing persistent symptoms known as Long COVID or PASC. These patients may have different underlying biological factors driving their symptoms, such as organ damage, persistent viral reservoirs, re-activation of pathogens, and immune dysregulation. Therapeutic approaches may need to be individualized to effectively manage care for specific patients with PASC.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus after Vaccination for SARS-CoV-2

Mina Psichogiou et al.

Summary: Seven immunocompetent patients over the age of 50 presented with herpes zoster infection within a median of 9 days (range 7-20) after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The occurrence of herpes zoster within 1-21 days after vaccination and the involvement of T cell-mediated immunity suggest that COVID-19 vaccination may be a probable cause of herpes zoster. These cases highlight the need for ongoing assessment of vaccine safety during the massive COVID-19 vaccination campaign and emphasize the importance of reporting and communicating any vaccination-associated adverse events.

VACCINES (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Case report: acute myocarditis following the second dose of mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

Prashant D. Tailor et al.

Summary: This case report describes symptomatic acute myocarditis following administration of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, with the patient presenting with symptoms 4 days after the second dose. Management with supportive therapy led to complete recovery of cardiac function and symptoms. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of mRNA vaccine-related myocarditis and potential long-term cardiovascular effects.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CASE REPORTS (2021)

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Review Immunology

A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments

Andrew J. Pollard et al.

Summary: Immunization is vital for public health policy and there are challenges ahead for immunologists in developing new vaccines. Although immunology has not contributed significantly to vaccine development so far, a better understanding of protective immunity is urgently needed to tackle difficult-to-target pathogens.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology