Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.787464
Keywords
regulatory B cell (Breg cell); IL-10; Treg; autoimmunity; EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis); multiple scleorsis (MS); BDL
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Funding
- NIH [R01AI160244-01, R21AI145323]
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society [RG-1901-33315]
- Versiti Blood Research Institute Research Foundation
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Regulatory B cell subsets need a more systematic and comprehensive identification strategy due to the variety of regulatory mechanisms. This review summarizes the discovery process and mechanism of action for well-defined regulatory B cell subsets.
Regulatory B cell or Breg is a broad term that represents the anti-inflammatory activity of B cells, but does not describe their individual phenotypes, specific mechanisms of regulation or relevant disease contexts. Thus, given the variety of B cell regulatory mechanisms reported in human disease and their animal models, a more thorough and comprehensive identification strategy is needed for tracking and comparing B cell subsets between research groups and in clinical settings. This review summarizes the discovery process and mechanism of action for well-defined regulatory B cell subsets with an emphasis on the mouse model of multiple sclerosis experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. We discuss the importance of conducting thorough B cell phenotyping along with mechanistic studies prior to defining a particular subset of B cells as Breg. Since virtually all B cell subsets can exert regulatory activity, it is timely for their definitive identification across studies.
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