4.8 Review

Inorganic Nanomaterials with Intrinsic Singlet Oxygen Generation for Photodynamic Therapy

Journal

ADVANCED SCIENCE
Volume 8, Issue 21, Pages -

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102587

Keywords

extinction coefficient; nano-photosensitizers; photodynamic therapy; quantum yield; singlet oxygen

Funding

  1. National Key R&D Program of China [2020YFA0908800, 2018YFA0704000, 2017YFA0700500]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [82071985, 21635004]
  3. Basic Research Program of Shenzhen [JCYJ20200109105620482, JCYJ20180507182413022, JCYJ20170412111100742]
  4. Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation of Major Basic Research and Cultivation Project [2018B030308003]
  5. Shenzhen Science and Technology Program [KQTD20190929172538530]
  6. Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation for Young Teachers in the Higher Education Institutions of China [161032]

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Inorganic nanomaterials with intrinsic singlet oxygen generation capability are emerging as nano-photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy, exhibiting high quantum yield. Various materials such as metal-based, metal oxide-based, metal sulfide-based, carbon-based, phosphorus-based, and others have been utilized for material design to achieve phototherapeutic effects, with future research facing numerous challenges.
Inorganic nanomaterials with intrinsic singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) generation capacity, are emerged yet dynamically developing materials as nano-photosensitizers (NPSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Compared to previously reported nanomaterials that have been used as either carriers to load organic PSs or energy donors to excite the attached organic PSs through a Foster resonance energy transfer process, these NPSs possess intrinsic O-1(2) generation capacity with extremely high O-1(2) quantum yield (e.g., 1.56, 1.3, 1.26, and 1.09) than any classical organic PS reported to date, and thus are facilitating to make a revolution in PDT. In this review, the recent advances in the development of various inorganic nanomaterials as NPSs, including metal-based (gold, silver, and tungsten), metal oxide-based (titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxyhalide), metal sulfide-based (copper and molybdenum sulfide), carbon-based (graphene, fullerene, and graphitic carbon nitride), phosphorus-based, and others (hybrids and MXenes-based NPSs) are summarized, with an emphasis on the design principle and O-1(2) generation mechanism, and the photodynamic therapeutic performance against different types of cancers. Finally, the current challenges and an outlook of future research are also discussed. This review may provide a comprehensive account capable of explaining recent progress as well as future research of this emerging paradigm.

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