Journal
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 1-28Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00367
Keywords
antimicrobial resistance; glycopeptide antibiotics; drug repurposing; Gram-negative bacteria; antiviral therapeutics; influenza virus; human immunodeficiency virus; SARS-CoV-2; antimycobacterial agents; tuberculosis
Categories
Funding
- DST-BRICS multilateral cooperation project [DST/IMRCD/BRICS/PilotCall2/MBLI/2018(G)]
- CSIR
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Glycopeptides, traditionally used to treat drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections, have shown potential to combat new forms of glycopeptide resistance through the development of analogues. Recent research has demonstrated antimicrobial activity of glycopeptides against Gram-negative bacteria, Mycobacteria, and viruses, expanding their spectrum of activity in the microbial kingdom.
Glycopeptides, a class of cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors, have been the antibiotics of choice against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections. Their unique mechanism of action involving binding to the substrate of cell wall biosynthesis and substantial longevity in clinics makes this class of antibiotics an attractive choice for drug repurposing and reprofiling. However, resistance to glycopeptides has been observed due to alterations in the substrate, cell wall thickening, or both. The emergence of glycopeptide resistance has resulted in the development of synthetic and semisynthetic glycopeptide analogues to target acquired resistance. Recent findings demonstrate that these derivatives, along with some of the FDA approved glycopeptides have been shown to have antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, Mycobacteria, and viruses thus expanding their spectrum of activity across the microbial kingdom. Additional mechanisms of action and identification of novel targets have proven to be critical in broadening the spectrum of activity of glycopeptides. This review focuses on the applications of glycopeptides beyond their traditional target group of Gram-positive bacteria. This will aid in making the scientific community aware about the nontraditional activity profiles of glycopeptides, identify the existing loopholes, and further explore this antibiotic class as a potential broadspectrum antimicrobial agent.
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