Effect of Lattice Substitution on Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium by Montmorillonite, Nontronite, and Beidellite

This work aims to evaluate the effect of lattice substitution on adsorption of hexavalent chromium by three kinds of typical clay minerals, and its common isomorph via experiments and calculations were performed based on density functional theory. The experiments (25 degrees C, 4 h, pH = 4 and without stirring) confirmed an order of adsorption capacity as follows: Montmorillonite (12 mg/g) > Nontronite (9 mg/g) > Beidellite (8 mg/g). Accordingly, the Mulliken populations, density of states, and band structures of the mineral models with the structural Al, Mg, Fe(II), Fe(III), and Al (in tetrahedrons) on behalf of five species of isomorph were calculated. The calculation results explain the differences between hexavalent chromium adsorption capacity of five kinds of isomorph by means of atom, key populations, overlapping valence electron orbitals, and the variation of energy band. However, no overlapping orbitals were observed in the adsorption system with structural Mg. It is implied that the structural Mg has little influence of hexavalent chromium adsorption. In conclusion, our study contributes to achieving a better understanding of modified clay minerals materials applications.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the effect of lattice substitution on hexavalent chromium adsorption by different clay minerals, revealing differences in adsorption capacity among various isomorphs and analyzing factors such as key populations and band structures. The research also indicated that structural Mg has minimal influence on hexavalent chromium adsorption, contributing to a better understanding of modified clay minerals applications.