4.7 Article

The Potential Protective Effect of Iridoid Glycosides Isolated From Osmanthus fragrans Seeds Against the Development of Immune Liver Injury in Mice

Journal

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.760338

Keywords

Osmanthus fragrans; iridoid glycosides; content determination; HPLC; liver injury

Funding

  1. Xianning Natural Science Foundation [2019kj08]
  2. Pharmacy Key Project of Hubei University of Science and Technology [2019-20YZ08]

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The study investigated the protective effect of Osmanthus fragrans seed extract on concanavalin A-induced immune liver injury in mice, by extracting and separating iridoid glycosides from the seeds. The results showed that the extract could reduce liver and spleen index, decrease plasma ALT and AST levels, and increase SOD levels while decreasing MDA levels in liver tissue. Additionally, it could also lower plasma IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha levels, indicating a potential mechanism through inhibiting p38MAPK phosphorylation and improving antioxidant capacity.
Objective: The iridoid glycosides were extracted and separated from Osmanthus fragrans seeds, and the potential protective effect of Osmanthus fragrans seed extract on concanavalin A-induced immune liver injury in mice was studied.Methods: Osmanthus fragrans seeds were extracted by 95% ethanol reflux. Then, the iridoid glycosides were enriched by extraction refined through petroleum ether (60 degrees C-90 degrees C), ethyl acetate, and water-saturated n-butanol in sequence, so as to purify the n-butanol part (Osmanthus fragrans seed's n-butanol extraction, OFSN) by macroporous resin. Specnuezhenide and Nuezhenoside G13 were used as the reference substances to determine the concentration of iridoid glycosides by HPLC. On this basis, a mouse immune liver injury model was established by tail intravenous concanavalin A (20 mg/kg); the contents of serum ALT, AST, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha and the contents of liver tissue MDA and SOD were determined; the pathological changes of the liver by HE staining were observed; and the expression levels of p38MAPK and p-p38mapk in liver tissue were detected by WB.Results: The linearity, precision, repeatability, recovery, and stability of HPLC all met the requirements by validating with the methodology. The contents of Specnuezhenide and Nuezhenoside G13 in the n-butanol extracts were 39.20% and 39.88%, respectively. Actually, their contents can reach up to 82.56% and 87.9% after being purified by macroporous resin. The results of animal experiments show that OFSN could significantly reduce the liver and spleen index, reduce the ALT and AST contents in plasma and the MDA content in liver tissue, and then increase the SOD content. Besides, OFSN could also reduce the plasma IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha levels. The HE staining result indicates that the pathological changes in the liver tissues of mice treated with OFSN are alleviated to different degrees while the WB result suggests that OFSN could significantly inhibit the expression of p-p38mapk.Conclusion: Osmanthus fragrans seeds are rich in iridoid glycosides, which has a good protective effect on mouse immune liver injury caused by concanavalin A. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38MAPK, inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators, improving the antioxidant capacity of liver cells, and weakening the occurrence of lipid peroxidation.

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