Study of Triangular Fuzzy Hybrid Nanofluids on the Natural Convection Flow and Heat Transfer between Two Vertical Plates

The prime objective of the current study is to examine the effects of third-grade hybrid nanofluid with natural convection utilizing the ferro-particle Fe(3)O(4)and titanium dioxide TiO2 and sodium alginate (SA) as a host fluid, flowing through vertical parallel plates, under the fuzzy atmosphere. The dimensionless highly nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations are computed adopting the bvp4c numerical approach. This is an extremely effective technique with a low computational cost. For validation, it is found that as the volume fraction of Fe3O4+TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles rises, so does the heat transfer rate. The current and existing results with their comparisons are shown in the form of the tables. The present findings are in good agreement with their previous numerical and analytical results in a crisp atmosphere. The nanoparticles volume fraction of Fe(3)O(4 & nbsp;)and TiO2 is taken as uncertain parameters in terms of triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs) [0, 0.05, 0.1]. The TFNs are controlled by a-cut and the variability of the uncertainty is studied through triangular membership function (MF).

Automated summary

The current study aims to investigate the thermal effects of third-grade hybrid nanofluid flowing through vertical parallel plates with natural convection, utilizing Fe(3)O(4), TiO2, and SA as the host fluid. Highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved using the bvp4c numerical method, showing that an increase in the volume fraction of Fe3O4+TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles leads to higher heat transfer rates. The results are presented in tables and demonstrate good agreement with previous numerical and analytical findings under a fuzzy atmosphere.