Journal
SUSTAINABILITY
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/su14042105
Keywords
life cycle assessment; life cycle costing; additive manufacturing; direct energy deposition; mold industry; sustainability; circular economy
Funding
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the PORTUGAL2020 Program [POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024516]
- project Add.Additive - add additive manufacturing to Portuguese industry [ANI | P2020 | POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024533]
- Portugal 2020
- FEDER through COMPETE 2020-Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization
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This paper provides a comparative analysis of direct energy deposition technology with conventional manufacturing, highlighting the advantages of direct energy deposition technology in repairing damaged glass bottle molds and its potential role in the sustainable development of tooling and manufacturing industries.
There is a growing demand for data regarding the environmental and economic performance of additive manufacturing to establish the role of this technology in the future circular industrial economy. This paper provides a comparative analysis of direct energy deposition technology with conventional manufacturing, specifically iron casting, in the context of the repairing capabilities of the direct energy deposition system in a damaged glass bottle mold. Making use of already established methodologies for environmental and economic assessment, a life cycle assessment and a life cycle costing study was conducted on each scenario to provide a holistic perspective on the advantages and limitations of each system. With the gathered life cycle inventory, the main environmental impacts and life cycle costs were determined. The hybrid repairing scenario results show a reduction of the environmental impacts and life cycle costs by avoiding resource consumption in the production of a new mold, with underlying economic advantages identified beyond the calculated results. Through strategic integration based in life cycle approaches, it is concluded that direct energy deposition technology can play a key role in the sustainable development of tooling and manufacturing industries, especially in products with large dimensions, complex geometry, and customized design.
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