The fifth Japanese meeting on biological function and evolution through interactions between hosts and transposable elements

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

B2 SINE Copies Serve as a Transposable Boundary of DNA Methylation and histone Modifications in the Mouse

Tomoko Ichiyanagi et al.

Summary: The currently active SINE B2 copies in mice act as mobile boundary elements that modulate chromatin modifications and gene expression, likely playing a role in the epigenomic and phenotypic diversification of the species.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Characterization of an active LINE-1 in the naked mole-rat genome

Shunichi Yamaguchi et al.

Summary: Naked mole-rats have fewer L1-derived sequences in their genome, resulting in lower retrotransposition activity of L1 compared to other mammalian genomes. Despite lower activity, NMR-L1 can still induce cell senescence, contributing to the cancer resistance of naked mole-rats. The G-quadruplex structure of the 3' UTR of NMR-L1 modulates its retrotransposition activity.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) 1 Gene Polymorphism and Phenotypic Expression of COVID-19 Symptoms

Naoki Yamamoto et al.

Summary: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a significant role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, with ACE1 gene polymorphisms potentially linked to the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Variations in ACE1 insertion/deletion polymorphism may explain mortality differences between regions, while research on the ACE1 genotype could offer new insights into the pathogenesis, treatment, and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

GENES (2021)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

DNA methyltransferase CHROMOMETHYLASE3 prevents ONSEN transposon silencing under heat stress

Kosuke Nozawa et al.

Summary: This study identifies a non-canonical role of CMT3 in preventing transposon silencing under heat stress and provides new insights into how DNA methyltransferases regulate transcription. CMT3 prevents CMT2-mediated CHH methylation and H3K9me2 accumulation at ONSEN chromatin to modulate ONSEN transcription, revealing a molecular mechanism of CMT3 in heat-induced ONSEN activation and shedding new light on the survival mechanism of certain transposons in the host genome under stress conditions.

PLOS GENETICS (2021)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

melRNA-seq for Expression Analysis of SINE RNAs and Other Medium-Length Non-Coding RNAs

Yoshinobu Mori et al.

Summary: The new method melRNA-seq can be utilized for quantification and detailed sequence analysis of medium-length non-coding RNAs, such as rRNA, snRNA, tRNAs, and SINE RNAs. Its dynamic range is much wider than that of Northern blotting and primer extension.

MOBILE DNA (2021)

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Article Genetics & Heredity