Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
Volume 10, Issue 12, Pages 4646-4667Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d1tc05696d
Keywords
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Funding
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska Curie Individual Fellowship (MCIF) [748430-THF-OLED]
- Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship [749557]
- European Union through the Interreg V initiative France-Wallonie-Vlaanderen project LUMINOPTEX
- Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS)
- F. R. S.-FNRS [2.5020.11]
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS [F.4534.21]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Canada (NSERC) [DG RGPIN-2013-201697, DG RGPIN-2018-06556, SPG STPGP-2016-493924]
- Canada Foundation of Innovation, Ontario Innovation Trust (CFI/OIT) [9040]
- Western University
- Ontario graduate scholarships (2018-2022)
- Royal Society Leverhulme Trust [SRF\R1\201089]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [749557] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
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In order to develop efficient blue-emitting TADF compounds, derivatives of 2CzPN with electron-accepting groups were synthesized. The results showed that these derivatives shifted the emission wavelength towards blue in polar solvents and matrices. Electrochemiluminescence experiments revealed that some of these derivatives exhibited an unprecedented delayed onset and long emission times, which suggest an organic long-persistent electrochemiluminescence mechanism.
Aiming to develop efficient blue-emitting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds, we have designed and synthesized derivatives of the well-known sky-blue emitter 2CzPN that contain electron-accepting phosphine chalcogenide groups to stabilize the HOMO level relative to the pristine compound, thus increasing the HOMO-LUMO gap and blue-shifting the emission wavelength. By cyclic voltammetry, photophysical data and quantum-chemical calculations, it was found that polar solvents and matrices validated the proposed concept, but these trends were not recovered in non-polar media. The suitability of these 2CzPN derivatives in polar matrices for optoelectronic applications was explored with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) by measuring emission delays, radical stability, emission stabilities, emission efficiencies and emission spectra. Some of the 2CzPN derivatives showed an unprecedented delayed onset of the ECL, and delayed rising time to the ECL maximum, as well as long ECL emission decay. All of these mentioned delay times suggest that these luminophores primarily emit via organic long-persistent electrochemiluminescence (OLECL) mechanisms. The derivatization of the donor groups of the emitters affected both the radical stability and the predominant emission mechanism, providing important insight into their potential as emitters in solid-state electroluminescent devices.
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