Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 10, Issue 12, Pages 6376-6396Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d1ta11080b
Keywords
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-SC0005397]
- Welch Foundation [F-1254]
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This article highlights recent advances in the field of polyanionic cathode materials for rechargeable aqueous batteries, as well as the challenges facing this field and future prospects.
Safety concerns and costs of present-day lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are prompting the development of alternate battery technologies with different types of electrolyte (e.g., solid-state, gel-polymer, aqueous, etc.); notably, systems based on aqueous electrolytes have emerged as a promising alternative, especially for grid storage applications. The last decade has witnessed a considerable spike in the research carried out on aqueous batteries. However, the narrow operating voltage window of aqueous electrolytes and the structural instability of materials in aqueous media demand proper selection of cathode materials to achieve desirable energy density. Polyanionic materials can be an ideal choice as they are structurally more stable and exhibit tunable redox potentials. This class of materials is considered as a storehouse in which many materials can be realized by substituting different polyanionic subunits. This review highlights some of the recent advances made in the polyanionic class of cathode materials for rechargeable aqueous batteries (Li-, Na- and Zn-ion batteries). The challenges facing the field, possible remedies to overcome them and future perspectives are also presented.
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