Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori Heteroresistance in Gastric Biopsies and Its Clinical Relevance

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Frequency of virulence-associated genotypes of Helicobacter pylori and their correlation with clinical outcome and histological parameters in infected patients

Milad Shahini Shams Abadi et al.

Summary: The specific genotypes of H. pylori are closely related to the clinical outcomes and histological parameters in Iranian patients with gastroduodenal diseases.

HELIYON (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Genotyping of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes cagA and vacA: Regional and National Study

Rania M. Kishk et al.

Summary: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of gastric disorders, with well-known virulence genes like cagA and vacA. The study found that H. pylori infection significantly increases with age, and the common genotype combination is vacA+/cagA+.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Types of 23S Ribosomal RNA Point Mutations and Therapeutic Outcomes for Helicobacter pylori

Sang Yoon Kim et al.

Summary: The A2143G point mutation is the most prevalent cause of clarithromycin resistance, and bismuth-quadruple therapy is superior to standard triple therapy in patients with this mutation or double point mutation.

GUT AND LIVER (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Unraveling antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori: Global resistome meets global phylogeny

Tal Domanovich-Asor et al.

Summary: This study utilized whole genome sequencing to analyze the resistome of Helicobacter pylori, revealing common mutations associated with antibiotic resistance. Additionally, a notable geographical clustering of H. pylori genomes across world regions was observed, with large distances between isolates on individual branches. The findings suggest the importance of further analyzing the association between mutations and resistance using a combination of WGS and phenotypic methods.

HELICOBACTER (2021)

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Article Immunology

Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae exhibiting clinically undetected amikacin and meropenem heteroresistance leads to treatment failure in a murine model of infection

Feiyang Zhang et al.

Summary: The study identified a multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strain with heteroresistance to amikacin and meropenem. Antibiotic combination therapy was effective while monotherapy failed to rescue infected mice. The detection of heteroresistance is crucial for choosing appropriate antibiotics to ensure successful treatment outcomes.

MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Europe in 2018 and its relationship to antibiotic consumption in the community

Francis Megraud et al.

Summary: The study confirmed a positive correlation between macrolide and quinolone consumption in the community and corresponding H. pylori resistance in European countries. Therefore, treatment of H. pylori with clarithromycin and levofloxacin should involve susceptibility testing in most European countries before starting the treatment.

GUT (2021)

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Article Biology

The highly dynamic nature of bacterial heteroresistance impairs its clinical detection

Catia Pereira et al.

Summary: Bacterial populations can exhibit heteroresistance, where an antibiotic resistant subpopulation is present within a susceptible population. This phenomenon is often underestimated in clinical isolates, leading to treatment failure. Understanding the dynamics of resistant subpopulations in the presence and absence of selection can provide insights for more effective diagnostics and treatment of infections caused by heteroresistant bacteria.

COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Bismuth containing quadruple therapy versus tailored therapy as first-line treatments for Helicobacter pylori infection in a high clarithromycin resistance area

Boram Cha et al.

Summary: This study compared the eradication rates of bismuth containing quadruple therapy (BQT) and tailored therapy (TT) as first-line treatments for H. pylori. The results showed that both BQT and TT were similar in terms of eradication rate, safety, and tolerability, but BQT was more cost-effective.

SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

High prevalence of unstable antibiotic heteroresistance in cyanobacteria causes resistance underestimation

Zhiyuan Wang et al.

Summary: Both cyanobacterial bloom and antibiotic resistance have become global threats to public health. Research on cyanobacterial strains isolated from eutrophicated lakes in China revealed high prevalence of antibiotic heteroresistance, with over 90% of isolates exhibiting resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study highlighted the underestimation of cyanobacteria-derived antibiotic resistance due to potential misclassification of susceptibility.

WATER RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Heteroresistance to beta-lactam antibiotics may often be a stage in the progression to antibiotic resistance

Victor Band et al.

Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a growing crisis in modern healthcare, traditionally thought to be caused by acquisition of genes or mutations, but heteroresistance may actually develop before resistance and often be a stage in its progression.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Characterization of Domain V Mutations in Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori in Pakistan and Their Effect on Clarithromycin MIC

Shumaiza Anis et al.

Summary: The study aimed to characterize clarithromycin resistance and associated mutations in clinical isolates of H. pylori in Pakistan. Results showed extensive diversity of domain V mutations in H. pylori, with multiple mutations potentially conferring endurance against clarithromycin. Further investigation into the molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori is deemed crucial at this stage.

INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Cost-Effectiveness, Efficacy, and Safety Analysis of Tailored Therapy in Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection

A. Reum Choe et al.

Summary: In Korea, tailored therapy based on clarithromycin resistance testing for H. pylori eradication showed higher success rates, shorter treatment periods, and lower medical costs compared to empirical therapy, providing a promising option in the era of increasing antibiotic resistance.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Tigecycline Heteroresistance and Resistance Mechanism in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

Jeongwoo Jo et al.

Summary: The study on Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from South Korea revealed a high prevalence of tigecycline heteroresistance, mainly attributed to the overexpression of AdeABC efflux pumps due to ISAba1 insertion in adeS. Resistance was found to be unstable in an antibiotic-free environment, with potential for reversion to susceptibility through additional mutations.

MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Concomitant and Tailored Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection

Nikola Perkovic et al.

Summary: Tailored therapy for H. pylori infection achieves higher eradication rates with lower adverse events compared to concomitant therapy, making it a reasonable choice for first-line treatment as antibiotic resistance increases.

JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases