Journal
ELIFE
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.69523
Keywords
dyslexia; multimodal meta-analysis; alphabetic language; morpho-syllabic language; Human
Categories
Funding
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science [GD19CXL05]
- Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou, China, Key Area Research and Development Program [202007030011]
- National Social Science Fund of China [21BYY204]
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Brain abnormalities in the reading network related to developmental dyslexia (DD) have been found to be consistent across languages, with greater reduction in grey matter volume and brain activation in certain regions of the brain for morpho-syllabic languages like Chinese compared to alphabetic languages, and vice versa. These differences are attributed to the specific language being learned while experiencing DD. In addition, compensatory brain regions as well as regions showing inconsistent alterations in brain structure and function were also observed.
Brain abnormalities in the reading network have been repeatedly reported in individuals with developmental dyslexia (DD); however, it is still not totally understood where the structural and functional abnormalities are consistent/inconsistent across languages. In the current multimodal meta-analysis, we found convergent structural and functional alterations in the left superior temporal gyrus across languages, suggesting a neural signature of DD. We found greater reduction in grey matter volume and brain activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus in morpho-syllabic languages (e.g. Chinese) than in alphabetic languages, and greater reduction in brain activation in the left middle temporal gyrus and fusiform gyrus in alphabetic languages than in morpho-syllabic languages. These language differences are explained as consequences of being DD while learning a specific language. In addition, we also found brain regions that showed increased grey matter volume and brain activation, presumably suggesting compensations and brain regions that showed inconsistent alterations in brain structure and function. Our study provides important insights about the etiology of DD from a cross-linguistic perspective with considerations of consistency/inconsistency between structural and functional alterations.
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