Journal
WATER
Volume 13, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w13233366
Keywords
ASCAT; semi-distributed hydrological model; surface soil moisture; root zone soil moisture; multiobjective calibration; HBV model
Categories
Funding
- Slovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-18-0347, APVV-19-034]
- VEGA Grant Agency [1/0632/19]
- Stefan Schwarz grant of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
- AlpCarp Project under the bilateral program Action Austria-Slovakia, Cooperation in Science and Education [2019-10-15-002]
- Austrian Science Funds (FWF), Vienna Doctoral Program on Water Resource Systems [DK W1219-N28]
- Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) through the BMon project [866031]
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This paper examines the potential of a new dataset based on ASCAT satellite remote sensing of soil moisture for multiple objective calibrations of a hydrological model. The results show that multiple objective calibrations have a substantial positive effect on constraining the model parameters and improving soil moisture and runoff simulation. The study suggests that this approach is particularly effective in areas with lower elevations and higher proportions of farming land use.
The role of soil moisture is widely accepted as a significant factor in the mass and energy balance of catchments as a controller in surface and subsurface runoff generation. The paper examines the potential of a new dataset based on advanced scatterometer satellite remote sensing of soil moisture (ASCAT) for multiple objective calibrations of a dual-layer, conceptual, semi-distributed hydrological model. The surface and root zone soil moisture indexes based on ASCAT data were implemented into calibration of the hydrological model. Improvements not only in the instrument specifications, i.e., better temporal and spatial sampling, but also in the higher radiometric accuracy and retrieval algorithm, were applied. The analysis was performed in 209 catchments situated in different physiographic and climate zones of Austria for the period 2007-2018. We validated the model for two validation periods. The results show that multiple objective calibrations have a substantial positive effect on constraining the model parameters. The combined use of soil moisture and discharges in the calibration improved the soil moisture simulation in more than 73% of the catchments, except for the catchments with higher forest cover percentages. Improvements also occurred in the runoff model efficiency, in more than 27% of the catchments, mostly in the watersheds with a lower mean elevation and a higher proportion of farming land use, as well as in the Alpine catchments where the runoff is not significantly influenced by snowmelt and glacier runoff.
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