Journal
WATER
Volume 13, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w13192696
Keywords
economic growth; sustainable development; water consumption; European Union
Categories
Funding
- Contrato Programa 2020 of the Department of General Economics (University of Cadiz)
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The research aimed to analyze sustainability inequalities in water consumption of EU countries, finding that countries with high GDP and population showed high water stress and total water withdrawal. Countries with lower industry value added to GDP ratios exhibited higher industrial water use efficiency. Policy suggestions and formula application guidelines for regional-level comparisons were provided.
Water scarcity is becoming a global concern for many reasons as its consumption increases. This research aimed to analyze sustainability inequalities in the water consumption of EU countries. Descriptive statistics using data for four AQUASTAT periods (2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017), and quotients for the AQUASTAT 2017 period, were calculated using a proposed econometric model. The main results were that countries with high GPD and population showed high water stress and total water withdrawal. Countries with lower industry-value-added-to-GDP quotients were among those with higher industrial water use efficiency, while low water-services-use-efficiency quotients were associated with high services value added to GDP. Suggestions for policymakers are provided and formula application guidelines for regional-level comparisons are described.
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