Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
Volume 85, Issue -, Pages 615-624Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.017
Keywords
Carboxymethylation of chitosan; Response surface methodology; Desirability function
Funding
- Universidade Estadual de Goias (UEG)
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES, Brazil)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, Brazil)
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Goias (FAPEG)
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In this paper, chitosan was reacted with monochloroacetic acid under alkaline conditions to prepare carboxymethyl chitosan. A 23 full-factorial central composite design was applied to evaluate the effect of molar ratio sodium hydroxide (NaOH)/Chitosan (Ch), time and molar ratio monochloroacetic acid (MCA)/Chitosan (Ch) on the reaction yield and on the characteristics of carboxymethyl chitosan such as average degree of substitution ((DS) over bar) and solubility. An optimization strategy based on response surface methodology was used together with the desirability function approach to optimize this process. The occurrence of carboxymethylation was evidenced by FUR and H-1 NMR spectroscopy. The optimum conditions for carboxymethylation process were found to be 12.4, 10.6 h and 5 for molar ratio sodium hydroxide (NaOH)/Chitosan (Ch), time and molar ratio monochloroacetic acid (MCA)/Chitosan (Ch), respectively. Under these optimal conditions, it was possible to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan with (DS) over bar of 1.86 and solubility of 99.6%. X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry analysis showed that crystallinity and thermal stability of derivatives was lower than chitosan and decreased with increase of (DS) over bar. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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