4.7 Article

Characterization and Anticancer Activity of Biosynthesized Au/Cellulose Nanocomposite from Chlorella vulgaris

Journal

POLYMERS
Volume 13, Issue 19, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym13193340

Keywords

Au/cellulose nanocomposite; green synthesis; Chlorella vulgaris; anticancer; MAPK

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Therapeutic selectivity is crucial in cancer therapy and the Au/cellulose nanocomposite shows potential in addressing this challenge. The study successfully prepared a nanocomposite with enhanced anticancer activity by regulating the MAPK pathway, using nanocellulose and nanogold biosynthesized from microgreen alga Chlorella vulgaris.
Therapeutic selectivity is a critical issue in cancer therapy. As a result of its adjustable physicochemical characteristics, the Au/cellulose nanocomposite currently holds a lot of potential for solving this challenge. This work was designed to prepare a Au/cellulose nanocomposite with enhanced anticancer activity through the regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway. Nanocellulose, nanogold (AuNPs), and a Au/cellulose nanocomposite were biosynthesized from microgreen alga Chlorella vulgaris. Using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), zeta potential analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed and characterized. In human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 cells), the selectivity and anticancer activity of the produced nanoparticles were evaluated. The cytotoxicity results revealed that the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the Au/cellulose nanocomposite against A549 cancer lung cells was 4.67 & PLUSMN; 0.17 mu g/mu L compared to 182.75 & PLUSMN; 6.45 mu g/mu L in the case of HEL299 normal lung fibroblasts. It was found that treatment with nanocellulose and the Au/cellulose nanocomposite significantly increased (p < 0.05) the relative expression of tumor suppressor 53 (p53) in comparison to control cells. They also significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the relative expression of the Raf-1 gene. These findings indicate that nanocellulose and the Au/cellulose nanocomposite regulate cell cycles mostly via the motivation of p53 gene expression and reduction of Raf-1 gene expression.

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