Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
Volume 82, Issue -, Pages 387-394Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.001
Keywords
Exopolysaccharide; Coral-associated fungus; Macrophages
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [4140060110]
- Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China [LQ14H300001]
- Doctor Foundation of Zhejiang Ocean University, China [21135013015]
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A coral-associated fungus Penicillium sp.gxwz446 that produced exopolysaccharde was isolated from the coral Echinogorgia flora in South China. Two neutral exopolysaccharides GX1-1 and GX2-1 were obtained from the fermented broth of the fungus and purified by anion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography. Chemical and spectroscopic analyses showed that GX1-1 was a glucan, primarily composed of glucose, with a molecular weight of 5.0 kDa. GX1-1 mainly consists of (1 -> 4)-linked alpha-D-glucopyranose units as the backbone, substituted at C-2 with a single alpha-D-glucopyranose on every sixth sugar residues. GX2-1 was a galactofuranose-containing mannogalactoglucan with a molecular weight of 9.5 kDa. The main linkages were composed of (1 -> 4)-beta-D-Glcp, (1 -> 5)-beta-D-Galf, (1 -> 6)-alpha-D-Manp and (1 -> 2,6)-alpha-D-Manp.GX1-1 showed RAW264.7 macrophage activation activity. After subjecting GX1-1 to sulfated modification, there was about one sulfate substitution on every sugar ring, primarily at O-6. The sulfated derivative of GX1-1 exhibited a more significant ability to promote the pinocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and induce the production of NO. (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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