Journal
POLYMERS
Volume 13, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym13203557
Keywords
electrospinning; polyvinyl alcohol; chitosan; citric acid; hydrophilicity
Categories
Funding
- European Union
- European Regional Development Fund
- Thematic Excellence Programme 2020 of the National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary [TKP2020-IKA-04]
- Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund [2019-2.1.11-TET2020-00154]
- European Union [GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00041]
- [GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00022]
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This study focused on preparing scaffolds with optimized hydrophilicity for oral applications through adjusting the ratios of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan/citric acid. The enhanced hydrophobicity and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were supported by contact angle measurements, IR spectroscopy results, and Alamar Blue assay. Various analytical techniques were used to confirm the performance of the scaffolds, demonstrating their feasibility for intraoral cavity applications.
In this study, scaffolds were prepared via an electrospinning method for application in oral cavities. The hydrophilicity of the fiber mesh is of paramount importance, as it promotes cell spreading; however, the most commonly used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and other hydrophilic fiber meshes immediately disintegrate in aqueous media. In contrast, the excessive hydrophobicity of the scaffolds already inhibits cells adhesion on the surface. Therefore, the hydrophilicity of the fiber meshes needed to be optimized. Scaffolds with different polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan/citric acid ratios were prepared. The addition of chitosan and the heat initiated cross-linkage of the polymers via citric acid enhanced the scaffolds' hydrophobicity. The optimization of this property could be followed by contact angle measurements, and the increased number of cross-linkages were also supported by IR spectroscopy results. The fibers' physical parameters were monitored via low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). As biocompatibility is essential for dental applications, Alamar Blue assay was used to prove that meshes do not have any negative effects on dental pulp stem cells. Our results showed that the optimization of the fiber nets was successful, as they will not disintegrate in intraoral cavities during dental applications.
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