Journal
POLYMERS
Volume 13, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym13193301
Keywords
calcium silicate; gelatin methacryloyl; odontogenesis; dental pulp stem cell; human umbilical vein endothelial cell
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan [MOST 110-2314-B-040-017, 109-2222-E-039-001-MY2]
- China Medical University [CMU110-MF-108, CSMU-CCH-107-01]
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The study successfully fabricated cell blocks containing human dental pulp stem cells and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells, with silicon ion-infused fish gelatin methacrylate (FGelMa) enhancing the expression of dentin regeneration-related markers. This novel combination of materials may serve as a platform for future clinical applications and dentin regeneration.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, tooth caries is a common problem affecting 9 out of every 10 adults worldwide. Dentin regeneration has since become one of the pressing issues in dentistry with tissue engineering emerging as a potential solution for enhancing dentin regeneration. In this study, we fabricated cell blocks with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden alginate/fish gelatin hydrogels (Alg/FGel) at the center of the cell block and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC)-laden Si ion-infused fish gelatin methacrylate (FGelMa) at the periphery of the cell block. H-1 NMR and FTIR results showed the successful fabrication of Alg/FGel and FGelMa. In addition, Si ions in the FGelMa were noted to be bonded via covalent bonds and the increased number of covalent bonds led to an increase in mechanical properties and improved degradation of FGelMa. The Si-containing FGelMa was able to release Si ions, which subsequently significantly not only enhanced the expressions of angiogenic-related protein, but also secreted some cytokines to regulate odontogenesis. Further immunofluorescence results indicated that the cell blocks allowed interactions between the HUVEC and hDPSCs, and taken together, were able to enhance odontogenic-related markers' expression, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix phosphoprotein-1 (DMP-1), and osteocalcin (OC). Subsequent Alizarin Red S stain confirmed the benefits of our cell block and demonstrated that such a novel combination and modification of biomaterials can serve as a platform for future clinical applications and use in dentin regeneration.
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