Journal
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
Volume 14, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00770-9
Keywords
High porosity; Elastic modulus; Compression deformation; Iontronic pressure sensor; Superhigh sensitivity
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51903118, U1613204]
- Science Technology the Shenzhen Sci-Tech Fund [KYTDPT20181011104007]
- College Student's Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program [2018X33]
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Program from the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province [2021B1212040001]
- Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program [2016ZT06G587]
- Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen Municipality [JCYJ20170817111714314]
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This study presents a simple strategy to fabricate an iontronic pressure sensor using open-cell polyurethane foams with high porosity as a continuous three-dimensional network skeleton loaded with ionic liquid. The resulting pressure sensor exhibits super high sensitivity, high pressure resolution, and remarkable mechanical stability. This research provides a simple, cost-effective, and scalable method for manufacturing highly sensitive pressure sensors.
Flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity are desired in the fields of electronic skins, human-machine interfaces, and health monitoring. Employing ionic soft materials with microstructured architectures in the functional layer is an effective way that can enhance the amplitude of capacitance signal due to generated electron double layer and thus improve the sensitivity of capacitive-type pressure sensors. However, the requirement of specific apparatus and the complex fabrication process to build such microstructures lead to high cost and low productivity. Here, we report a simple strategy that uses open-cell polyurethane foams with high porosity as a continuous three-dimensional network skeleton to load with ionic liquid in a one-step soak process, serving as the ionic layer in iontronic pressure sensors. The high porosity (95.4%) of PU-IL composite foam shows a pretty low Young's modulus of 3.4 kPa and good compressibility. A superhigh maximum sensitivity of 9,280 kPa(-1) in the pressure regime and a high pressure resolution of 0.125% are observed in this foam-based pressure sensor. The device also exhibits remarkable mechanical stability over 5,000 compression-release or bending-release cycles. Such high porosity of composite structure provides a simple, cost-effective and scalable way to fabricate super sensitive pressure sensor, which has prominent capability in applications of water wave detection, underwater vibration sensing, and mechanical fault monitoring.
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