The role of vascular endothelial growth factor as a prognostic and clinicopathological marker in osteosarcoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: In recent years, numerous investigations have been conducted to determine the clinical significance and critical functions of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) in various malignant cancers. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to comprehensively evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological value of VEGF in patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: We performed a systematic literature retrieval of available databases. Odds ratios (ORs) or standard mean difference (SMD) for clinicopathological parameters, hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival and disease-free survival were calculated to assess the correlation between VEGF expression and prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. Results: A total of 22 studies with 1144 patients were included in our study. Pooled analyses showed that VEGF overexpression predicted worse overall survival (HR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.87-3.11, p < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR, 2.604; 95% CI, 1.698-3.995, p < 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, investigation regarding osteosarcoma clinicopathologic characteristics suggested that high VEGF expression was significantly associated with metastasis (OR, 4.39; 95% CI, 2.77-6.95; p < 0.001), clinical stage (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.62-0.87; p < 0.001), and microvessel density (SMD, 3.33, 95% CI,1.57-5.10, p < 0.001), but not associated with tumor location, gender, age, local recurrence, and chemotherapy response. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis findings suggest that elevated VEGF expression may be a predictive biomarker for poor prognosis and adverse clinicopathological characteristics in patients with osteosarcoma.

Automated summary

This meta-analysis of 22 studies involving 1144 patients suggests that elevated VEGF expression is significantly associated with poor prognosis and adverse clinicopathological characteristics in patients with osteosarcoma, indicating its potential role as a predictive biomarker.