Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 18, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413152
Keywords
environmental regulation; economic performance; technology innovation effect; resource consumption effect; spatial instrumental variable panel models
Funding
- National Social Science Foundation of China [20CJY064]
- Basement research fund of Henan academy of social sciences [2022E39]
- Good Scholar in Philosophy and Social Sciences in Henan Institutions of Higher Learning [2019-YXXZ-20]
- Research fund of Henan Technological Think Tank [2021C03]
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The study reveals a U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental regulation in the Greater Bay Area, with stronger environmental regulation at higher levels of economic development but a decrease after reaching a peak. Technology innovation and resource consumption are crucial mechanisms, with innovation having a positive impact on the environment and resource consumption having a negative impact.
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is one of the significant regions with the strongest economic vitality in China. This study focuses on environmental regulation in the eleven Greater Bay Area cities to explore the relationship between it and economic performance for the period 2000-2016. In doing so, we employ spatial panel models (including the spatial instrumental variable method) to investigate the nonlinear relationship between economic growth and environmental regulation. We confirm the existence of a U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental regulation in the Greater Bay Area. In the first half of the inverted U shape, the higher the economic development level, the stronger the environmental regulation strength; however, the latter begins to decrease after the peak point. The doubled-edged sword does not cut both ways. This paper verifies that technology innovation and resource consumption are two important mechanisms. Further, we find that both economic growth and environmental regulation have negative spatial externalities; innovation has a positive impact on the environmental regulation of the local city as well as surrounding cities, while resource consumption is on the contrary. In conclusion, this paper provides policy recommendations to further promote economic growth and environmental technologies, and to enhance energy efficiency in GBA.
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