Journal
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101546
Keywords
antibiotic therapy; bacteria detection; biosensors; point-of-care; rapid diagnostics
Funding
- Global Challenges Research Fund from the Scottish Funding Council
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The rise in antimicrobial resistance has led to a crucial need to optimize infection therapy approaches, with rapid and effective identification of pathogenic bacteria being a key stage. Traditional bacterial detection techniques have downsides, but innovative technologies with high detection sensitivity and specificity are being developed to overcome these limitations.
With an exponential rise in antimicrobial resistance and stagnant antibiotic development pipeline, there is, more than ever, a crucial need to optimize current infection therapy approaches. One of the most important stages in this process requires rapid and effective identification of pathogenic bacteria responsible for diseases. Current gold standard techniques of bacterial detection include culture methods, polymerase chain reactions, and immunoassays. However, their use is fraught with downsides with high turnaround time and low accuracy being the most prominent. This imposes great limitations on their eventual application as point-of-care devices. Over time, innovative detection techniques have been proposed and developed to curb these drawbacks. In this review, a systematic summary of a range of biosensing platforms is provided with a strong focus on technologies conferring high detection sensitivity and specificity. A thorough analysis is performed and the benefits and drawbacks of each type of biosensor are highlighted, the factors influencing their potential as point-of-care devices are discussed, and the authors' insights for their translation from proof-of-concept systems into commercial medical devices are provided.
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