Properties of Low-Temperature Sintering PNN-PMW-PSN-PZT Piezoelectric Ceramics with Ba(Cu1/2W1/2)O3 Sintering Aids

Piezoelectric ceramics Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O-3-Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O-3-Pb(Sb1/2Nb1/2)O-3-Pb(Zr0.39Ti0.61)O-3 with Ba(Cu1/2W1/2)O-3 sintering aids were fabricated using economical industrial oxide powders and their piezoelectric, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties were investigated in order to develop low-temperature sintering ceramics for multilayer piezoelectric actuators. A quadratic formula and the Curie-Weiss law reveal that the ceramics are typical displacive-type ferroelectric relaxors. The ceramics sintered as low as 900 degrees C have good piezoelectric properties of d(33) = 551 pC/N, k(p) = 0.52, epsilon(r) = 3583, tg = 0.02, and T-C = 161 degrees C, which is much promising to manufacture multilayer piezoelectric transducers.