Journal
BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL
Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s41408-022-00608-6
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Funding
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Foundation Milan, Italy [21198, IG 21744]
- AGING Project-Department of Excellence-DIMET, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Ricerca Finalizzata 2018 [RF-2018-12365790]
- MoH, Rome, Italy
- Ministry for University and Research -MUR
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Understanding the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in hematologic malignancy patients is crucial. This study found that therapy-naive patients had a stronger antibody response compared to patients receiving anti-cancer treatment.
Understanding antibody-based SARS-CoV-2 immunity in hematologic malignancy (HM) patients following infection is crucial to inform vaccination strategies for this highly vulnerable population. This cross-sectional study documents the anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral response and serum neutralizing activity in 189 HM patients recovering from a PCR-confirmed infection. The overall seroconversion rate was 85.7%, with the lowest values in patients with lymphoid malignancies or undergoing chemotherapy. Therapy-naive patients in the watch and wait status were more likely to seroconvert and display increased anti-s IgG titers. Enhanced serum neutralizing activity was observed in the following SARS-CoV-2-infected HM patient groups: (i) males; (ii) severe COVID-19; and (iii) watch and wait or complete/partial response. The geometric mean (GeoMean) ID50 neutralization titers in patients analyzed before or after 6 months post-infection were 299.1 and 306.3, respectively, indicating that >50% of the patients in either group had a neutralization titer sufficient to provide 50% protection from symptomatic COVID-19. Altogether, our findings suggest that therapy-naive HM patients mount a far more robust immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection vs. patients receiving anti-cancer treatment, raising the important question as to whether HM patients should be vaccinated before therapy and/or receive vaccine formats capable of better recapitulating the natural infection.
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